Throat cancer :: essays research papers fc

Do you know anyone with substructurecer more specifically throat malignant neoplastic disease? I do and so I wanted to learn more about it. Throat cancer also known as cancer of the pharynx can be acknowledged in the group of head and neck cancers. 60,000 Americans ar diagnosed with cancer from this group annually. There are more than 500,000 survivors living in the United States today. The tumors are often found on the tonsils and at the base of the tongue. Throat cancer though, can also be found in three regions of the pharynx. The three regions include the nasopharynx, which is the area behind the back of the throat and nose, the oropharynx, which is the base of the tongue and the tonsil region, and the hyopharynx, which is the bottom part of the throat. Alcohol use, smoking (tobacco or marijuana), and chewing tobacco can cause throat cancer. Leukoplakia, which is white spots or patches in the mouth, can be considered a risk factor. There are symptoms to throat cancer analogo us any other disease.A persistent feeling of something in the pharynx is a symptom of throat cancer. If you are having pains or having difficulty swallowing, a change of voice, or hoarseness then there is a possibility you could have throat cancer. Also throat cancer may cause an otalgia or it might feel like sometimes there is obstruction in your airway passage. There are many ways to treat cancer if it is needed. Several tests may be performed to diagnose the presence of cancer. An endoscopy uses a thin-lighted flexible instrument to evaluate the extent of the tumor. A suspected throat cancer essential be confirmed by removing a small piece of tissue (biopsy). This tissue is sent to the laboratory for evaluation and diagnosis (www.uihealthcare.com). Treatments for cancer include surgery, radiation syndrome therapy (intensity modulated radiation therapy or high dose radiation brachytherapy), and chemotherapy. There are alternate therapies such as naturopathic medicine, nutrition al therapy, mind-body medicine, image enhancement, and spiritual support. The topper way to see if you have cancer is to consult a doctor.

Racial Equality in the United States Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout the history of the dry land, America has been considered a fairly racist union. From the workplaces to the society, as an Asian, I tangle theres a strong barrier between white and black mountain, although I felt a little bit of racial among us. In this essay, I go forth talk about the major racial issue of this country through out my experiences. Undoubtedly the greatest injustice in the United States to this day is the whites sermon of African-Americans, specifically slavery. The vast majority of non-black people of that time believed that blacks were not equal to other races. White Americans of the slavery period specifically held this view. It was nearly impossible for a black to live free in America, and it was even more difficult for a black to find a job. As time passed, however, many people began to change their views on race relations in America. After slavery was abolished, fewer and fewer people believed that they were supreme over the African-American race . Not unless were blacks free, they were becoming accepted as people in our society. They were even becoming accepted in the workplace. Many employers were no longer bothered by self-aggrandizing a job to an African-American. America seemed to finally be turning around for the better. After all, African-Americans only asked for equality, and they were getting closer and closer to that goal with each flitting day. Suddenly, however, some people beganto lose sight of the mission they set out to accomplish. Instead of just trying to crystallize America equal, they felt that they should attempt to make up for the times when it was not. Many places in society, such as the workplace, the court system, and the entertainment industry, seem to consider shifted to being easier for blacks ... ...slators and citizens alike must keep in mind our nation?s goal of racial equality, and not lose sight of that goal by making and following foolish laws. Certainly African-Americans have suffered greatly in the past, however, we must not continue to make things easier for blacks at the expense of whites today.In conclusion, despite the popular belief that blacks deserve reparations for their past treatment, our country cannot and should not afford them special treatment onaccount of the past. Now is a tonic era of life in the United States, and a new chance to fix the mistakes we have made in the past. We must not make these same mistakes twice, as that would be devastating to the future of our country. The greatest nation of the future will be the fairest nation, and if the United States is to maintain its greatness, then it must first achieve racial equality.

A Cultural Studies Approach to Understanding Islam Essay -- Interpret

In todays world, given the turmoil that sometimes work throughms to be caused by religiousdifferences, it is easy to see each worship as a monolithic entity existing disjoint fromother religions, and thus representing starkly polar worldviews. Often, such notions ariseas a result of not utilizing a cultural studies approach towards studying religion, which isarguably the best approach for understanding the role of religion in unmatchables daily life. Thecultural studies approach, which examines the contingent context in which one typifyshis or her religion, is evently important when it comes to understanding religions likeIslam, whose adherents come from vastly different backgrounds. Through the culturalstudies approach, which is arguably oft more interdisciplinary than the textualapproach, we see that ones interpretation of religion is strongly influenced by factorsincluding social, political, educational, and economic aspects of life, as well as onesparticular historical background signal this then makes the arts and literature a unique window bywhich we can observe a particular cultures comprehension of the religion (Infidel ofLove 10). These creative responses thus are my own response to my understanding ofIslam, and intertwined in these works, then, are not altogether lessons from the classroom, butmy own personal experiences, which retain themselves been shaped by the economic,social and cultural backdrop in which I have grown up. Asides from the different cultural backdrops in which one can interpret Islam, itis also crucial to understand the fundamental divisions that have persisted in Islam, fromSufism, Shia, to Sunni groups. Understanding these different communities of interpretation is thus cruci... ...m Understandings of Islam. Harvard University Press, 2013.Asani, Ali. In Praise of Muhammad Sindhi and Urdu Poems. Religions of India in Practice. Princeton Princeton University Press, 1995.Asani, Ali. Lecture sexual urge and Islam. ae sthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Asani, Ali. Lecture Pillars of Islam. Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Asani, Ali. Lecture Reform Revival Iran. Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Chelkowski, Peter. Taziyeh rite and Drama in Iran. New York University Press, 1979.Handout Week 4 The Quran on the Attributes of Muhammad and the Names of God.Hussain, Rokeya Shakhawat. Sultanas stargaze and Selections from The Secluded Ones. New York Feminist Press, 1998.Iqbal, Mohammad. heraldic bearing and Answer. Trans. By A.J. Arberry. Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. New York Pantheon, 2003. A Cultural Studies Approach to Understanding Islam Essay -- Interpret In todays world, given the turmoil that sometimes seems to be caused by religiousdifferences, it is easy to see each religion as a monolithic entity existing separate fromother religions, and thus representing starkly polar worldviews. Often, such notions ariseas a result of not utilizing a cultura l studies approach towards studying religion, which isarguably the best approach for understanding the role of religion in ones daily life. Thecultural studies approach, which examines the particular context in which one interpretshis or her religion, is particularly important when it comes to understanding religions likeIslam, whose adherents come from vastly different backgrounds. Through the culturalstudies approach, which is arguably much more interdisciplinary than the textualapproach, we see that ones interpretation of religion is strongly influenced by factorsincluding social, political, educational, and economic aspects of life, as well as onesparticular historical backdrop this then makes the arts and literature a unique window bywhich we can observe a particular cultures comprehension of the religion (Infidel ofLove 10). These creative responses thus are my own response to my understanding ofIslam, and intertwined in these works, then, are not only lessons from the classro om, butmy own personal experiences, which have themselves been shaped by the economic,social and cultural backdrop in which I have grown up. Asides from the different cultural backdrops in which one can interpret Islam, itis also crucial to understand the fundamental divisions that have persisted in Islam, fromSufism, Shia, to Sunni groups. Understanding these different communities of interpretation is thus cruci... ...m Understandings of Islam. Harvard University Press, 2013.Asani, Ali. In Praise of Muhammad Sindhi and Urdu Poems. Religions of India in Practice. Princeton Princeton University Press, 1995.Asani, Ali. Lecture Gender and Islam. Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Asani, Ali. Lecture Pillars of Islam. Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Asani, Ali. Lecture Reform Revival Iran. Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 54.Chelkowski, Peter. Taziyeh Ritual and Drama in Iran. New York University Press, 1979.Handout Week 4 The Quran on the Attributes of Mu hammad and the Names of God.Hussain, Rokeya Shakhawat. Sultanas Dream and Selections from The Secluded Ones. New York Feminist Press, 1998.Iqbal, Mohammad. Complaint and Answer. Trans. By A.J. Arberry. Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. New York Pantheon, 2003.

Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man :: Portrait Artist Young Man

Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young art object As far as portraits go, James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic. Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through with(predicate) life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him. only if Id like to focus on one of the quieter moments - a moment of convergence. The narrative encloses Stephen in a cloud of his own past, present, and incoming as he stands in a Dublin courtyard He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of the pillar. Had Cranly not heard him? Yet he could wait. The talk about him ceased for a moment and a soft hiss fell again from a window above. But no other unspoilt was in the air and the swallows whose shoot had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. 1 Stephens impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly. He closes his senses hit to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the c ourtyard and the jingle-jangle of the streets. He hears only a soft hiss. This is the commit of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself. Stephen remembers a quiet moment of soliciter in a forest near Malahide - the past. He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a trail of reverent silence. She is the now. Stephen beats an ashplant - a well-off prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait. Darkness is falling - its almost tomorrow, almost the next. This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard. Joyce incorporates several layers of his own creation into the scene - draws on his own Epiphanies and gives Stephen a prop to carry into Ulysses. In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of collection from his past . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed crea king bicycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in seizure to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour.Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Portrait Artist Young ManConvergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man As far as portraits go, James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic. Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him. But Id like to focus on one of the quieter moments - a moment of convergence. The narrative encloses Stephen in a cloud of his own past, present, and future as he stands in a Dublin courtyard He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of the pillar. Had Cranly not heard him? Yet he could wait. The talk about him ceased for a moment and a soft hiss fell again from a window above. But no other sound was in the air and the swallow s whose flight had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. 1 Stephens impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly. He closes his senses off to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the courtyard and the jangle of the streets. He hears only a soft hiss. This is the point of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself. Stephen remembers a quiet moment of prayer in a wood near Malahide - the past. He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a trail of reverent silence. She is the now. Stephen beats an ashplant - a convenient prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait. Darkness is falling - its almost tomorrow, almost the future. This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard. Joyce incorporates several layers of his own creation into the scene - draws on his own Epiphanies and g ives Stephen a prop to carry into Ulysses. In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of prayer from his past . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed creaking bicycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in ecstasy to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour.

Money Past and Present. Essay -- History Trade Economics Papers

Money Past and Present.Money as a strong point of exchange in barter and trade has always in both times found expression in some form or other from necessity thereof. In the remotest periods, before gold or silver were for the most part in use, it took the form of animals, oxen, sheep, lambs, shells, etc. Thus we find used cattle in Germany, leather in Rome, sugar in the West Indies, shells in Siam, surpass in Burmah, platinum in Russia, tin in Great Britain, iron and nails in Scotland, plaque in China, and finally copper, silver and gold the world over.If we look up the sacred writings in quest of the earliest use of money quoted therein, we will find that the Bible mentions gold as a medium of value in the very first book of Moses which according to modern synchronology, would be about 4,000 years before the time of Christ, or almost 6,000 years ago. Namely, Genesis, Chapter II, 10, 11, 12. And a river went out of Eden, and the land of Haviliah, where there is gold and the g old of that land is good. Hence Adam and Eve could have found gold in Haviliah but the same as we do in the Yukon today. Immediately thereafter brass and iron are mentioned, Genesis, Chapter IV, 22. And Zillah she bare Tubal-Cain an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron. Tubal-Cain, son of Iamech, a descendant of Cain, apparently was the first man to shape metals into articles of use and probably our very first goldsmith and jeweler.Silver is first mentioned in the Bible in the time of Abram, Genesis, Chapter XIII, 2, Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver and gold. The earliest mention of the word money occurs in Genesis, Chapter XVII, 12, 13, 23, He that is born(p) in the house or bought with money. The first use of earrings and bracelets appears in Genesi... ...uctions are from photographs of the original coins and are fully explained as to their metal, denomination, country, etc., by the description printed with each plate.This, then, is the flooring of money -- how it came to be -- what it is today.BIBLIOGRAPHY.Bressett, K.1991. Collectible American Coins. Publication International, Ltd., Lincolnwood, IL.Genesis, 1971. Ch. II, 10, 11, 13 Ch. XXIV, 22, 30 Ch. IV, 22 Ch. XIII, 2, Ch. VII, 22, in The Holy Bible, Revised Standard Version. Teaneck, NJ Collins/Cokesbury.Mehl, M, 2004. A History Of Money. The Star Rare Coin Encyclopedia and Premium Catalog. The Numismatic Company of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas.Seidler, N., 1965. The Story of Money. Western Publishing Company, INC., USA.Yeoman, R., 2003. A Guide Book of US Coins. Whitman Publishing, LLC., Atlanta, GA.http//www.mfa.org/handbook/classic

Working Mothers Essay -- essays research papers fc

It is often said that, "Mans seduce ends at sun set. Womens work is never done." With sixty-three one thousand million women working and 62% of those women maintaining families, most women would this statement very true (AFL-CIO). While women are expanding their lives to include a career, they must also maintain their traditional roles at home. This combination of housework and career-work is the reason why working overprotects today have more stress than working fathers.     Mothers may work in an office from nightspot to five, but their work does not end at the office. After working an eight-hour day, a mother will come home to take care of her children, husband, and house. Women wait the primary caretaker and housekeeper of a family, and are also the primary caregiver for the elderly (Kelly, Garrett). All of this makes for a very demanding schedule.     Typically after leaving work, a mother will plonk up her children at a ba bysitter or day care, and then continue to caravan her children from soccer practice to ballet dissever to girl scouts, and so forth When she finally reaches home, exhausted, a mother will try to spend near quality time with her children before feeding them dinner, giving them a bath, and putting them to bed. For some reason, all of these chores remain the work of a woman. In the mean time, a mother has no time to herself to recuperate from a presbyopic day because she is so busy caring for everyone else.    &nbs... Working Mothers Essay -- essays research papers fc It is often said that, "Mans work ends at sun set. Womens work is never done." With sixty-three million women working and 62% of those women maintaining families, most women would this statement very true (AFL-CIO). While women are expanding their lives to include a career, they must also maintain their traditional roles at home. This combination of housework and career-work is the reason why working mothers today have more stress than working fathers.     Mothers may work in an office from nine to five, but their work does not end at the office. After working an eight-hour day, a mother will come home to take care of her children, husband, and house. Women remain the primary caretaker and housekeeper of a family, and are also the primary caregiver for the elderly (Kelly, Garrett). All of this makes for a very demanding schedule.     Typically after leaving work, a mother will pick up her children at a babysitter or day care, and then continue to caravan her children from soccer practice to ballet class to girl scouts, etc. When she finally reaches home, exhausted, a mother will try to spend some quality time with her children before feeding them dinner, giving them a bath, and putting them to bed. For some reason, all of these chores remain the work of a woman. In the mean time, a mother has no time to herself to recup erate from a long day because she is so busy caring for everyone else.    &nbs...

Good vs. Evil

Judgments Good vs. Evil There are many concepts that are determined in the eye of the be put oner. People have different morals someones morals could be seen as corruption to someone else. What someone considers beautiful, another great power consider app tout ensembleing. A persons definition of justice could be someone elses definition of illegal. There are many factors as to why we all have different paradigms, such as the way we were raised, our past experiences, our culture, or our faith. Consequently, we all stress accordingly to our own perspectives. In East of Eden, tail end Steinbeck states that one can be assumed good or bad once the person has died.With our different paradigms, we would have different perspectives on good and evil. Therefore, we do not notice the correct definition of good or evil, so it would not be right for us to valuate someone at all before or after their death. Everything we see is perspective, but how are we so sure it is the truth? Take for e xample, a flower. To a kind-hearted, it is small generous to hold in his hand to an insect, it is big enough to be a home. The human and the insect are looking at the same flower, but view it differently. Is the ant simply miniature, or is the human just too big?It cannot be deemed because at that place are different paradigms that manipulate our judgment. There are also to a greater extent serious cases that this applies to. On July 5, 2011, Casey Anthony was found not guilty for murdering her young daughter Caylee. Observers were stunned and outraged by the jurys verdict. Jurors claimed that it could not be prove that Casey Anthony was guilty because there was not enough evidence. There were only facts that led up to the conclusion that Casey could be the manslayer, but there were no raw and unfeigned facts that clearly showed that Casey was responsible for the death of her daughter.The death penalty weighed a lot on the deliberation of the jurors. They had a life in their hands conclusions and inferences were not enough to find her guilty. The jury could be deemed good for following the law and abiding by their oath, or they could be deemed evil for letting a potential murderer get away with a crime. There are many positions on this verdict based on our viewpoints, but we do not actually know the truth. There are so many perspectives in the universe, we can never be so sure which is the correct one. Without knowing the truth, our judgments arent justified.They say there is a story behind everything. Stories usually have two sides to them, maybe even more. Often times, we want to believe that we know the full story. As human beings, we like closure and we do not like unanswered questions. But should it often occur to someone that there may be multiple unnoticeable sides to a story? Marilyn Monroe was found dead in her bedroom from an overdose on August 5, 1962. Monroes death remains a mystery and has make out one of the most debated conspiracy theor ies of all time. Some people believe that her death was a homicide, and some people believed it was a suicide.There could be many unbeknown(predicate) explanations to Monroes death, and we may never find out. Without knowledge of how she died, our judgments are not rationalized. There are always going to be unanswered questions and ambiguous endings. As humans, what we believe is virtuous usually leads back to our viewpoints and understanding of life. Everyone has their life structured a certain way according to their beliefs. Our beliefs have a huge seismic disturbance on our mentality and actions whether we believe in God, Buddha, Atheism, Karma, or anything at all. With differentiating religion and beliefs, there is no validity to our judgments.Without the knowledge of the truth, we are not able to judge righteously we would be assuming blindly. It is a human instinct to judge. We judge to make laws so society can function in an orderly manner, we judge to protect ourselves fro m harm by distinguishing what seems to be dangerous or harmful, and we also judge to make decisions to benefit ourselves, such as choosing the college to our desire. Although these are rational reasons as to why we should judge, they also lead to war, terrorist attacks, stereotypes, and prejudice. Our assumptions and judgments revolve around our perspective.Our paradigms frame our judgments, and this often results to different positions and viewpoints. The concept of good and evil are in the eyes of the beholder. The true(a) definition of good and evil may never be revealed in our lifetime. Consequently, we are not able to deem someone good or evil before or after their death since we do not have the understanding of these ideas in the first place. Works Cited Death of Caylee Anthony. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Dec. 2012. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. .

Blake Recalls Innocence and Experience Essay

When attempting to penetrate into the deeper themes of William Blakes cycle of poems Songs of Innocence and Experience it can be useful to recognize that the championship of the poems, as well as the subsequent division into sections of naturalness and experience carries ironic connotations. Blakes intention in this cycle of poems, which he subtitled Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul (Ostriker, 1977, p. 104) was to put in the relationship of individual freedom and self-determination as being at one with Divine Will.Therefore, the state of innocence which is referred to in the cycles title as well as in the division of poems itself is meant to suggest not ignorance which leads to innocence but the innocence which is gained (or reclaimed) by the experience of the Divine. In fact the set-back poem in the innocence cycle, Introduction makes plainly manifest, Blakes ironic use of the titular connotations of innocence and experience. The poems second stanza reads Pipe a song about a LambSo I piped with merry c get discussion, Piper pipe that song again So I piped, he wept to hear (Ostriker, 1977, p. 104) The subtlety of Blakes theme here is so accomplished as to be almost invisible when one reads the business sectors without carefully probing each word for its connotations. Special attention must be given to each word-choice to extract from the sing-song pleasantness of the poem, the resounding and profound thematic ideas which lay beneath the poems surface.The word Lamb for example is capitalized not only to emphasize the mythic and religious ideas which are an intimate part of Christian symbolism, but to inform the lector that Lamb is, indeed, the theme of the entire poem. The repeating of the word piped is intended to show that the Divine voice is always trying to break through to humanity the line So I piped, he wept to hear reveals that this song of innocence is, in fact, a song of experience the knowledge that humanity is blind to, or i n this case, deaf to, the Divine voice.While Blake emphasizes a state of idealism in his Songs of Innocence and Experience nowhere does he proffer the idea of passive toleration of the worlds injustices or pain. In fact, passivity to the worlds suffering is defined not in the poems of innocence but in a poem of experience where Blakes verdict on the lack of empathy in the modern world could be made no more certain or clear. His poem London is a lament for precisely this idea of passive acceptance of world injustice and sufferingIn ever cry of every man, In every Infants cry f fear, In very voice in every ban, The mind-forgd manacles I hear (Ostriker, 1977, 128). In these lines, the capitalized word Infants denotes a connection to the Lamb of th other poems in Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience the lamb and the child are both symbols of the individuated self, and also of the Divine Will, which Blake, as mentioned, attempts to unify in his poetry. (Ostriker).The phrase mind-for gd manacles is important because it shows how a lack of empathy and compassion or even concern for the worlds troubles is a break of ignorance, of a bad kind of innocence a worldly oblivion, which stands in sharp contrast to Blakes idealized state of Divine innocence which is oft frustrated by the materiality of ignorance of the world, but is nevertheless, an inheritance, according to Blake, which is due to every living individual on earth.The attainment of a state of ideal innocence in Blake denotes a state of self-awareness and self-identity which steps outside of the concerns of material wealth and social standing and relies purely upon the human heart as its gauge of supremacy and its proximity to the Divine as a measure of its truth. Reference Ostriker, Alicia. 1977. William Blake The Complete Poems. Penguin Books, New York.

Impormasyon Tungkol sa Silangang Asia Essay

Our vision is to become the premier company in the baking exertion and related food and beverage industry, known and emulated for our outgo whole tone products that delight the consumer. It is the pride of every employee, investor, trade partner and stakeholder.Our mission is to serve consumers with the best quality assortment of great-tasting bakery and related food and beverage products, with sphere-class manufacturing facilities and an efficient nationwide distribution network, thereby providing a fair return on shareholder investments. GardeniaOur Vision is to be world class company and service provider of choice.Our mission is to provide our customers the best value in energy, products and services. MeralcoTo create new value, make and delight our customers through the best automotive products and services.With passion, pride and speed, we actively communicate with our customers to deliver insightful automotive products and services that exceed their expectations. Mazda To take the lead in realizing San Miguel Corporations commitment to social development in the Companys effort to contribute towards the improvement of life in the communities in which it operates and the habitual it serves.San Miguel Foundation, Inc. is committed to the empowerment of San Miguel host communities and various stakeholders by harnessing corporate social responsibility among the various San Miguel businesses in pursuing mutually beneficial programs that lead to confidence and sustainability. San Miguel CorporationOur vision is put into an action through programs and focus on environmental stewardship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to buildshareholder value by making PepsiCo a truly sustainable company.To be the worlds premier consumer products company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce monetary reward to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and communitie s in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honestly, fairness, and integrity. PepsiCoOur vision serves as the framework for our Roadmap and guides every aspect of our business by describing what we need to accomplish in order to continue achieving sustainable, quality growth.Our Roadmap starts with our mission, which is enduring. It declares our purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions. Coca colaBy 2018, Landbank will be the top universal bank promoting inclusive growth and improving the quality of life especially in the country brass through the delivery of innovative financial and other services in all provinces, cities and municipalities.To our clientsWe will use the best technology and solutions to deliver responsive financial and support services to our clients while promoting sustainable development and environmental protection.To our EmployeesWe will develop and nurture talents that will exemplify the highest standards of ethics and excellence consistent with the best in the world. Landbank of the PhilippinesPNOC by 2025 A world class organization that executes the countrys energy strategy toward egotism- sufficiency, sustainability, stability of prices, and security of supply.Through the efforts and initiative of world class professionals, PNOC is committed to1. Develop and implement projects and programs in a financially prudent and responsible manner aimed at increasing the countrys self sufficiency level in oil, gas and other energy sources 2. ENSURE SECURITY OF SUPPLY CONTRIBUTING TO ENERGY PRICE STABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY. 3. Foster sustainable and environmentally friendly sources of energy 4. Promote and maintain the highest standards of service and corporate governance Phil. National Oil CompanyBe the leader in sustainable world class transport infrastructure and services.We build and provide quality transport infrastructure and services to enable customers to e xperience the joy of safe travel, to social movement and trade and commerce that stimulates the countrys socio economic growth. Manila North Tollways CorporationMissionWe find creative ways to make every click, bring up and touch work for you in every stage of your life in a way that is always human, meaningful and fun.VISIONHappiest employees, customers, shareholders. Globe telecom

Write a Set of Instructions Explaining in Objective Terms

It is very important to pass tidy sum the formal rituals of the town to next generations. In order to pass down the ritual, the community will need a large caustic box to keep the folded stems together when the lottery starts, one folded paper with large sable dot on, a stool to put the large black box on, and piles of stone. Remember the ritual might vary slightly from other communities, exactly the ritual is an important part of our societys history and its present. In our society, a lottery will be held every year, on July 27th at noon, since there be only 300 people it is possible to finish the lottery before the late lunch.The ritual of the society is not only a tradition, but in any case a ritual to guarantee our success every harvesting season. Remember the quote lottery in June, corn be heavy soon. step in the ritual process are shown below. The lottery can be divided into a preparatory horizontal surface, lottery stage, and finishing stage. A preparatory stage takes a day or more. A night before the June 27th, the lottery authorized should make a list of the heads of the families, and the members of each household in each family. Second, based on the number of the people on the list, the lottery official has to make lottery right to votes.Remember, one ballot should be marked with a black circle. All ballots must be same size, and are folded in a same way. Third, if all the ballots are done, put the ballots inside the black box. On the avocation day, before the lottery starts, lottery official has to gather up the children and make them to collect stones and put it in a pile next to the town upstanding where the lottery is held. After telling children, remind the people about the lottery through the announcements. Then, when everyone has gathered, the lottery official enters with a wooden black box, followed by a postmaster carrying a stool.Place the stool at the center of the square and put the black box on it. Second stage is before the lottery stage. After everyone progress to gathered, remind people about the rules of the lottery wife draws with the husbands family, if there is somebody in absence, a substitute will choose the ballot to fill in the missing person, and everyone takes only one folded paper. The third stage is Lottery stage when the lottery official had finished going over the rules of the ritual, straightlaced swearing-in by the postmaster takes place the official starts the recital of perfunctory tuneless chant.After all the perfunctory steps of the lottery are done, start the lottery immediately. The lottery official should read the names of the head of the families. When their family name is called, representing ones family, a head of the household approaches the black box and chooses one folded paper from the box. When every man representing each family had haggard, dedicate the paper and check which family has won the first-round lottery. Check the number of family members of the the famil y that had drawn the paper with the black dot.After counting the number of the family members, make a set of ballots just for the family that had drawn the paper with the black dot (make sure every member of the family would pick one folded paper from the box, and one of the folded papers inside the box is marked with a black dot). When the lottery official had finished making new sets of ballots for the second round lottery, call each member of the family into the box, and make everyone take one folded paper from the box.Remind each family member to not open the folded paper until everyone had finished choosing the folded paper. After every member of the family had picked their choice of folded paper, tell the participants to open the paper. Announce the winner of he lottery. The last step is finishing stage. Start the ritual of the lottery. Use stones that boy had gathered up. Stone the winner till the death. Announce the end of the ritual lottery, and discount the crowd. The lot tery official takes the box and put the box away until the next lottery in the next year.

Dale Henry’s book “The Proverbial Cracker” Essay

It is not much questi unityd about how plenty mostly wanted to be served and be pleased by others. However, the contrary of this fact was the of import theme of Dale Henrys book The Proverbial Cracker. In this particular book it could not be denied that service is the main key for people to get the satisfaction that they need from their own jobs. The realization of each employee that providing service to others is the only key to their corporal success helps them become the person that is particularly necessitate not only be business organizations but also well appreciated by the society. The different proverbs in life pertaining to success have in the first place been focusing on the ways by which people could attain self satisfaction from their jobs. However, what the said books are lacking which is in turn present in the book of Dale Henry is the fact that service is viewed as a primary aspect of true enlightenment among people. Reading this book brings the reader to the recog nition of providing the dress hat for the others that results to their own satisfaction of their own desires. Most people see their jobs the way a mosquito sees a nudist camp all kinds of opportunity, but where do I start? (Henry, 22) True, it is only when a person throws the true worth of his job and his responsibilities as a person through his career will he realize that he too has an essential worth to the society. It is only when they see the benefit of what they do are they completely motivated to do their best possible efforts for the involvement of their jobs completion. Certainly, this particular book brings about the needed aide for employees or even self-employed people in the society who lack the need to do the best they could in their own chosen careers. Dale Henry has fully arranged a humorous yet meaningful approach to the said invitation of ones ability to doing his duties as a fine worker for his own organizations as well as his communitys carry on towards devel opment.BibliographyHenry Dale. (2002). The Proverbial Cracker Jack How To Get Out Of The Box And Become The Prize. Autumn House Publishing.

Interaction in the social world: Family Essay

This spring is an arts teacher who is equally preoccupied in her al-Qaida as she is the mother of a two-year-old daughter who invariablely keeps her on her heels. Apart from her happy and close-knit family, which is the backbone of her life, her friendly world that is related to her work as well holds a special place in her mind and heart. Just as she draws immense satisfaction in being a central figure of her family, she gets recreation in teaching to students who give her an opportunity to learn new things e actuallyday.She looks forward to get immersed in this cordial world everyday. Due to this interest in her job, which is passing evident in her performance, she enjoys great respect and love from both her students and colleagues. This actor s interaction in this social world is very satisfying to her and with follow up of how to deal with people with different get along with groups and in different settings she chances very confident of dealing with people withal ou tside this social world. She finds that children give her very valuable lessons in their own ways.Just by observing their interaction patterns she learns a lot about human relationships and interactions. She gets a glimpse of how people feel when some one fights with them, someone is nice with them, if some one betrays them or ignores them by just observing how children behave with each other. She feels that though she is observing children she is acquire a great insight about how to deal with adults as both share same emotions, the only difference is that adults try to hide their real feelings in particular those of sadness, disgust or contempt while children make it easily evident.She thinks that all of us have a child within us but age and maturity has bestowed on us the capacity to put on a social face even when we are hurt by somebodys comments or feel neglected by the extra attention that someone else in the group is getting. So she feels that she teaches arts to children wh ile children teach her the art of living. She besides feels privileged that she is able to fill children with confidence especially those who are not good at arts and as a result suffer from inferiority complex due to this.If children are boosted with confidence in their primitive years, only then can they gather the guts to become confident adults in future. So instead of reprimanding them as mentioned by Madon and others in Myers, High expectations do seem to boost low achievers, for whom a teacherss positive attitude may be a hope-giving breath of fresh air. (2007, p. 111) Similarly when teachers surround her in the teachers lounge she gets an opportunity to learn a lot about social interactions.Since the teachers belong to different age groups and genders and possess different personality characteristics, just trying to maintain a healthy relationship with them gives her important lessons in social psychology. She tries to apply the insight she has gained through her theoreti cal knowledge in the practical setting of the social world of her work group, which is a bundle of varied personalities. She feels that with constant practice of dealing with this group she has become a socially intelligent person with whom everyone wants to spend time, as there is give and take of positive vibes in the process.At the end of any social interaction one wants to feel acceptable and respected as a human being and the author thinks that with practice and improvisations in ones verbal as well as non-verbal communication she is getting better day by day. This is evident by the quality of camaraderie she shares with everyone and the way people greet her and like her presence around them. All this contributes to her self-confidence immensely. One incident that has hugely helped her in ameliorate her self-efficacy is as follows Six months back a new boy got admitted to her school.He was very restless and lacked good manners. The day when his parents came to admit him to th e school they do it piddle to the authorities that they were unable to handle him at home as he constantly indulged in some or the other form of misbehavior even after frequent spanking. When the authorities pointed towards the fact that too much of spanking was not good for childrens emotional growth, they said that the boys antics made them crazy and it was the only option left for them and soon they would understand it too. That boy was sent to this authors straighten out.The first few days were really prankish with him. He lacked any sense of respect for the teacher and constantly disturbed the coherence and smooth functioning of the class. But this author took this pupil as a challenge to prove how someone lacking basic social skills can be improved by empathy, love and patience. Instead of telling him again and again that he should behave nicely in class or he should learn good manners from his classmates, the author started treating him just like others even when he did something wrong.The fact that whatever he did, did not affect the author much gradually brought changes in his personality. He started improving. The next step that the author took was that she made him the class prefect, so instead of getting reprimanded because of his unruly behavior he started promoting good behavior in class. Hence instead of consciously making him aware of his shortcomings, the author unconsciously instilled a sense of discipline in the child. According to Pennington, et. l Research has shown that if a person is aware that attempts are being made to fix certain aspects of behavior, conscious awareness of this can prevent conditioning taking place. (2003, p. 149. )The author applied this very concept and the positive result was evident in a short span of time. The way the author handled this situation was highly commended by the staff of the school and she gained an important place not only in the school but also in the heart of that troublesome student and his parents. This incident helped in increasing the authors self-efficacy to a great extent.

Technology Into Early Childhood Education

Matters to Consider when introducing Technology into Early childishness Education Introduction Earlier query was to a greater extent concerned with weather or not engineering science including reckoners were, in fact, beneficial to childrens acquire. Current seek is concerned with how engine room stinker be mapd to fend for childrens learning and development (Morrison, cc9). Acronyms like PC, CD, DVD, PDA, DSL, eBay, and . com, ar part of our professional vocabulary right alongside ECE engine room has changed the way we teach children (Donohue, 2003). This author takes the present that engine room is beneficial to aboriginal childishness genteelness.This account result outline how technology is beneficial to untimely childhood education through with(predicate) an analysis of contemporary literature. The paper has been set out in sections addressing a different aspect of technology and matters to consider as it make early childhood education. This paper entrus t become by defining technology. It will discuss recent trends in technology and the importance of educators and the benefits for children. It will discuss computer technology in the schoolroom and the engage of media in education. It will conclude with a discussion on the effects of television superheros on childrens behaviour in an educational setting.This paper will orient by presenting different aspects of technology and arguing different perspectives from look for technology is beneficial to early childhood education. Defining Technology in Early Childhood Education Before a discussion on technology in early childhood education can proceed, there involve to be an discernment of what technology is comprised of. Depending on which author one reads or what the purpose of the research is for, the definition of technology varies to accept or exclude varying forms of artefacts.Dockett Fleer (1999) explain technology to be inclusive of high technology such as television, fax machines and computers as strong as replica objects of television characters (p. 150). Dockett Fleer riding habit a very general definition of technology. Looking critic every(prenominal)y at this example leads this author to feel the information here is too limited in content. In addition, opposite high technology items include cell phones, smartphones, PDAs, personal computers, the internet, e-mail, and digital cameras (Donohue, 2003), and electronic teaching materials such as SmartBoards (Flynn et, al. 2010). Donohue (2003) and Flynn et, al. (2010) explain that we routinely use these tools in our classrooms, as well as the home and piss. Both Dockett & Fleer (1999), and Donohue (2003) use the term high technology. The purpose here is that there are other categories which can be viewed as artefacts of technology such as blocks, sandpit toys, play group equipment or infant toys (Dockett & Fleer, 1999). While this author acknowledges the listed low tech items as developments o f technology, this paper will not be discussing such items.Technology as listed above (Dockett & Fleer 1999 Donohue 2003) lists items which could be considered as hardware. But technology is not limited to hardware alone. Other forms of technology which this paper holds interest include media. Weddell (2001, p. 4) describes media as beingall forms of broadcasts, advertising, television, computer games, film, video, interactive online media (email, internet), recorded music, print material (newspapers, magazines, cards, stickers), toys and merchandising associated with media-related products.This paper will refer to technology as including some(prenominal) technical hardware and digital media. Technological Trends in Early Childhood Education In this section, the author will address matters that need to be considered close to trends in early childhood education. While differing views are presented, the favoured position is overwhelmingly for the inclusion of technology into the ear ly childhood curriculum as shown in the research. The misgiving of technology in the early childhood classroom is not if, but how and why we use it (Donohue, 2003).The use of computers and technology in early childhood education has grown each year, and the ways in which proficient tools are used to manage and improve political programs and enhance childrens learning shit expanded dramatically (Donohue, 2003). It needs to be acknowledged that technology and media are social icons, and, most importantly, children are active consumers of these products (Weddell, 2001). There is little wonder why technology is being viewed as becoming, if not already, common place in the educational setting.Zevenbergen (2010, p. 1) states, This generation has been immersed in technology since their emergence into the world. Their homes have computer technology in all facets of gadgetry-the contrary control for the television, the programmable microwave, the mobile phone computers, digital games (s uch as Xbox, as well as those on the computer). Early childhood is a period of growth and quick development. During this time, many another(prenominal) children attend preschool, where they have access to technology as a learning tool (Chen Couse, 2010).There is increasing interest and belief in the need to grow this education technology at an earlier age, possibly as soon as children begin formal schooling or even nursery school or kindergarten (Stables, 1997). In a survey conducted by Flynn et, al. (2010), the results showed more(prenominal) than half of the educators surveyed think that children should be introduced to technology between ages 3 and 4. possibly one reason the findings would intimate this is due to the motivational interest technology hold for new children.In house of this, Chen Couse (2010) state, Encouragement in the learning process is directly linked to motivation, as illustrated in Hauglands study (1999), which found the motivation of kindergarten a nd primary-aged children increased when academic instruction was paired with the use of technology (p. 77). Today, educators are victimization technology in many creative ways (Donohue, 2003). In a study conducted by Jarvis and Rennie (1994) (cited in Fleer & Jane, 1999), young children were asked about their views on technology by using a scene quiz to identify their perception of the term technology.Of the 28 items shown that had something to do with technology, the most frequently listed item was the computer (p. 7). This author notes this research was carried out in 1994. The results of a similar study being carried out today could likely reveal a different result. Unfortunately this author was unable to locate such a study. Either way, in early childhood classrooms, computers have become an increasingly accepted tool for learning and when used in a pedagogically earmark manner, they fork over valuable educational experiences for children (Edwards, 2005).As children naturally explore and learn about their environments through inquiry, computer technology has proven an effective means of cognitive and abstract development as children develop literacy and numeracy skills and competence (Edwards, 2005). Educators recognize ever developing potential of technologies to enhance the ability of children to learn, problem solve, and convey their ideas (Chen & Couse, 2010). The trend will act for the foreseeable future but equity issues of access, affordability, and the need for computer literacy for early childhood teachers and faculty will remain s significant barriers for many early childhood programs and professionals (Donohue, 2003). The trend of introducing technology into the classrooms appears to have gained motivation to the point where it is accepted by students, educators and parents (Dockett & Fleer, 1999 Edwards, 2005), the reason for this occurring is braggyly due to children being so familiar with technology as a result of this generations lifes tyle (Zevenbergen, 2010), we must in addition consider another aspect for introducing technology into the classrooms as it has been pointed out by OShanesy (2013, MOCR), not all children have computers in their homes.This is one very important reason why educators need to introduce technology and computers to these children as early as possible so that they may also develop the computer literacy skills that their peers may take for granted (p. 3). Early Childhood Educators in an Age of Technology In this section, the author will address matters that need be considered about early childhood educators working in this age of technology.While differing views are presented about the educators level of training and confidence, it is without question that educators are the central to successful integration of technology into the school curriculum. Digital technologies and computers have become an integral part of many childrens daily lives. For this reason, it is important that early chi ldhood educators are not only familiar with the use of computer technologies, but are able to chair childrens understanding of, and ability to use them (Morrison, 2009).In agreement with Morrison, Weddell (2001) also insists that teachers need to guide childrens learning to better understand and interpret technology (p. 5). Haugland & Wright (1997) suggest, without training it is very difficult for teachers to obtain the necessary expertise to successfully unify computers into their curriculum. Only when teachers feel comfortable with technology will computers play a significant role in early childhood education (p. 17). It seems that researchers agree that the key to successfully implement technology into the classroom rests with the early childhood educator.According to Filipenko and Rolfsen (1999, as cited in Edwards, 2005), the integration of computers in the early childhood classroom to support childrens learning and development is influenced by the educators level of computi ng knowledge (Edwards, 2005). The question is raised, are teachers provided with the appropriate level of training to successfully implement technology into the classroom? Stables (1997) suggests, some teachers have warmly welcomed the challenge of introducing technology education to children at an early age.They have found that it has allowed them to develop new dimensions to work already current (p. 50). This is not the case however with all educators as the research shows. Burnett (2010, p. 1) states, Studies have highlighted a lack of confidence and competence amongst early childhood educators in relation to new technologies. In support of this statement, Stables (1997, p. 50) argues, Some educators are confused by what technology education would mean for young children There are also those who hope that technology education is simply inappropriate with a younger age group. The author questions why there are such differing opinions amongst early childhood educators. Perhaps Zevenbergen (2010, p. 1) offers an answer to this issue as he states, We contend that young children coming into early childhood settings may be different from other generations because of the social and scientific conditions within which they are developing. In support to this statement, Donohue (2003), argues that most early childhood educators, unlike the young children in their classroom, have come to computers as adult learners and can be resistant to using technology (p. 17).If this is the case, then how does one bring these generations closer together? How has it come to be that the early childhood learners, know more about technology, and are more comfortable using it than many of the educators? There are noted benefits of early childhood educators using computers in classrooms as Morrison (2009) mentions, when educators support children to use computer technology in their classrooms it helps them to develop skills such as the use of a keyboard and basic computer software. It also assists children to build learning concepts near computer use and digital media over time (p. 6). A point being addressed here by Morrison is not regarding the benefits that computers offer to children but or else what benefits the educators off to children in developing their computer skills. Consistent with this research, it has also been bought to the authors attention by OShanesy (2013, MOCR) that educators need to be trained appropriately to scaffold learning and use the correct computer language when working with children (p. 3). Early Childhood Learners and Computer Technology In this section, the author will address matters that need be considered adjoin computers in the classroom.While differing views are presented, the position is overwhelmingly in favour for the instruction and use of computers in the classroom as shown in the research. Computers are all around us. It has become virtually impossible to function on a daily basis without using or benefiting fro m computer technology (Haugland & Wright, 1997). It is inevitable in this technological age that children will be exposed to computers and that these computers will be instrumental in their daily lives (Haugland & Wright, 1997).Computers have been shown to be beneficial to childrens cognitive development (Dockett Fleer, 1999). With the use of a computer, children can develop their skills in areas where they would otherwise be limited. For example (Clements, 1992), a child can but develop their composition abilities using a simple word processing program. It is argued that children will not be limited by their handwriting ability as it is easier to press the keys on the keyboard (Cited in Dockett Fleer 1999). Stables (2007, p. 1) states, tenuity as to how things work, leads to a determination to make things work. Consequently, opportunities to develop problem solving skills are provided through the use of computers. Used in developmentally appropriate ways, the computer is a res ource which fits childrens learning style (Haugland & Wright, 1997). Introducing technology into the curriculum of young children is important because of the propensity of this age group to engage in technological activity with an enthusiasm, curio and lack of inhibition that creates an optimum opportunity for development (Stables, 2007).Haugland & Wright (1997) explain learning involves children actively exploring their world and then, through a process of assimilation and accommodation, acquiring and constructing knowledge. Piaget (1971 cited in Haugland & Wright, 1997) states, If we desire to form individuals capable of inventive thought and of helping the society of tomorrow to achieve progress, then it is clear that an education which is an active discovery of populace is superior to one that consists merely in providing the young withready-made truths to know with. This author acknowledges how relevant is this tatement by Piaget of 1971 is to modern education. While based o n the research indicating the many developmental advantages of computers in early childhood educational settings as presented in this paper, there is still some doubts as to the benefits that will come from computers. Haugland & Wright (1997, p. 6) state, Opponents guess computers should not be placed in early childhood classrooms. They fear computers will replace other activities, will rob children of their childhood, are too abstract, provide children an unrealistic image of the world, lead to social isolation, reduce feeling awareness and creativity. But based on research findings (Lipinski, et. Al, 1986, NAEYC in Press) this is not the case. It needs to be stated that a computer does not replace traditional resources for teaching in the classroom. Instead usual or traditional activities that take place in the classroom are as important as they always were. As suggested by Haugland & Wright (1997), computers should be used to supplement or accompany the childrens normal learning experiences (p. 7).Classroom activities help children place computer experiences in context and reinforce the competencies and skills children gain from technology (Haugland Wright, 1997). Early Childhood Education and Media Technology In this section, the author will address changing opinions towards media technology. While differing views are presented, the transmission line for introducing media into the classroom is favoured as shown in the research. Television programs, whether positive or negative, do form a large part of childrens life experience (Dockett & Fleer, 1999). In support of this research, Flynn et. al. (2010, p. ) states, It is hard to find a national study of childrens use of media in the past 20 eld that does not demonstrate that media, and especially television, are a dominant activity of childhood. Flynn et. al. (2010) claims that young children have incorporated media technologies into their out-of-school lives in unprecedented ways in recent years. Early media use is now the norm, with baby videos and 24/7 cable television for children used by even infants and toddlers (p. 3). Weddell (2001) presents a position (but does not advocate to) that parents do not want media studies in their childrens curriculum.Waddell argues in most cases, parents and teachers report that children are exposed to enough media at home and in the residential district without it becoming part of their education (p. 4). Weddell (2001) comments that children aged three to five are watching up to 17 hours of television a week (p. 4). While the argument that parents do not want media studies in their childrens classroom is not further supported by the research this author has located, there is certainly supporting research (Dockett & Fleer, 1999 Flynn et, al. 2010) that children are exposed to a great deal of media in their lives. There is research that indicates that parents are in favour of media being integrated into their childrens curriculum. Rideout & Ha mel (2006, cited in Flynn et. al. , 2010) state, We have a generation of parents who are more accepting of not just television but also computers and other technologies and who view such technologies as more likely to help than hurt their childrens development (p. 3). Perhaps this change in opinion could be a result of changing attitudes from 2001 to 2006.Dockett & Fleer (1999) argue there is a range of childrens programs in Australia designed by educators to enhance childrens cognitive, social and emotional development. There is a great deal of community support for these kinds of programs. As a result, these television programs are part of many childrens educational experience. The Effects of Television Superheros on Early Childhood Learners In this section, the author will address matters of the media that imply the behaviour of children. The research presented shows conflicting views.Once again, it is shown the educator is the key to successfully integrating media technology in to the school curriculum. A significant amount of research into superhero play has suggested that teachers should work with the popular childrens culture initiated and developed through television and video (Cupit 1989 cited in Dockett & Fleer 1999). This would be interesting and thus motivating for the children. However, research indicates this also has negative effects on childrens behaviour due to television superheros usually being associated with violent acts.According to a study by Lisosky (1991 cited in Levin and Carlsson-Paige, 1995) there are over 200 acts of violence per hour in a popular childrens show of that time (Dockett & Fleer 1999). In addition, the alike(p) television program used footage of real-life actors and settings with special effects and animation. As a result, children see real people engaged in realistic acts of violence (Dockett & Fleer 1999). According to Levin and Carlsson-Paige (1995, p. 0, cited in Dockett & Fleer 1999), teachers surveyed on the eff ects of the said television program on childrens play believe that the use of real people in the program increased the negative effect on children. It was argued at 4 and 5 years of age, children do not have the cognitive skills to separate the fantasy from the reality of the show (p. 153). In contradiction to this survey finding, Weddell (2001, p. 4) states, Very few children will be influenced by antisocial images or violence they see on the screen, nor will they become obese, unimaginative, poor communicators. Weddell (2001) does not deny that some children may behave violently during play after watching their television superheros in violent acts, however Weddell (2001) claims that some children behave violently because they have a predisposition to violent acts and are in need of supervision. Dockett & Fleer (1999) suggest that children act out their superheros violent actions as they are unable to imagine another storyline to go with their superhero character, as a result, chi ldren should be protected from violence in media (p. 153).In argument, Weddell (2001, p. 5) states, The notion that children are inevitably at risk from the media and therefore must be protected from it is a distorted perspective. Encouragement-rather than protection-is needed to guide childrens viewing and to teach the art of watching and interpreting the media. Weddell (2001, p. 4) states, Most importantly we need to trust that children can learn to discern the media messages they receive. We seem to forget that children of this light speed will know more about the media than their parents or teachers. It is unlikely that teachers will be able to influence what children choose to watch at home. As a compromise of the research presented, perhaps while at school, this author suggests teachers should choose media programs that do not involve violence but rather appeal to the children through other means. In support of the author, Dockett & Fleer (1999) suggest teachers use quality television programs to stimulate positive childrens play. Programs such as Playschool actively encourage children to construct the same or similar things as those shown on the program.The construction work (e. g. , building a dolls house, making name tags, or making hats) may stimulate further play (p. 158). This suggestion (Dockett & Fleer 1999) is consistent with the research presented from both positions. Children do, to varying degrees, imitate what they see on television. So rather than expose them to violent acts, in an educational setting, children should be exposed to quality television media that stimulate their desire to learn. Conclusion The future looks bright for technology in early childhood classrooms (Donohue, 2003).The effects of technology in educational settings on the development of young children have been widely documented and strongly positive (Chen & Couse, 2010). Technology has changed the way we teach children (Donohue, 2003). This author has taken the posi tion that technology is beneficial to early childhood education and presented this position with supporting research through an analysis of contemporary literature. This paper addressed different aspects of technology and discussed matters to consider as it effected early childhood education.This paper began by defining technology to include technological hardware (Dockett & Fleer, 1999) and digital media (Weddell, 2001). It discussed recent trends in technology arguing technology is present in all areas of childrens lives (Zevenbergen, 2010). It argued the importance of educator training and experience as being a key grammatical constituent to successful implementation of technology into the curriculum (Haugland Wright, 1997). It also argued the learning benefits technology offers for children (Dockett Fleer, 1999) in early childhood education.It discussed benefits of computer technology in the classroom (Clements, 1992) and the benefits of using media in education (Flynn et. al . , 2010) including a discussion on the benefits of television in education (Dockett Fleer 1999). This paper has shown by presenting different aspects of technology and arguing different perspectives from research technology is beneficial to early childhood education. References Burnett, C. (2010). Technology and literacy in early childhood educational settings. Journal of early childhood literacy, 10(3), 247-270. Retrieved 20 January 2013 from http//shura. hu. ac. uk/1308/1/Final_JECL_(3). pdf Carlsson-Paige, N. Levin, D. (1990). Whos craft the shots? How to respond effectively to childrens fascination with war and play and war toys. Philadelphia, PA New Society Publishers. Chen, D. Couse, L. (2010). A tablet computer for young children? Exploring its viability in early childhood education. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 43(1), 77-100. Clements, D. (1992) Computer technology and early childhood education. In Roopnarine, J. , Johnson, J. (eds). Approaches to ea rly childhood education, 2nd ed. , pp. 97-316. Columbus, OH Meril publication Co. Cupid, C. (1989). Socialising the superheroes. Australian Early Childhood Resource Booklets, no. 5, Canberra, ACT AECA. Dockett, S. , Fleer, M. (1999). Play and pedagogy in early childhood. Bending the rules (pp. 149-168). Marrickville, NSW Harcourt Brace Co. Donohue, C. (2003). Technology in Early Childhood Education An Exchange Trend Report (pp. 17-20). Child Care Information Exchange, November/December 2003 Redmond, W. A. Retrieved on 23 January 2013 from http//www. secure. worldforumfoundation. org/library/5015417. pdfEdwards, S. (2005). Identifying the factors that influence computer use in the early childhood classroom. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 21(2), 192- 210. Fleer, M. , Jane, B. (1999). Our experiences and understandings of technology and technology teaching. In Technology for children Developing your own approach (pp. 3-21). Sydney learner Hall. Fatouros, C. , Downe s, T. and Blackwell, S. (1994). In control young children learning with computers. NSW Social Science Press. Filipenko, M. Rolfsen, G. (1999). What will it take to get omputers into an early childhood classroom? Canadian Children, 24(2), 35-38. Flynn, R. , Lauricella, A. , Robb, M. , Schomburg, R. , Wartella, E. (2010). Technology in the Lives of Teachers and Classrooms Survey of Classroom Teachers and Family Child Care Providers. Latrobe, PA The Fred Rogers Center for Early Learning and Childrens Media. Retrieved on 23 January 2013 from www. fredrogerscenter. org/media/resources/TechInTheLivesofTeachers. pdf Haugland, S. (1999). What role should technology play in young childrens learning? Young Children, 54(6), 26-31. Haugland, S. & Wright, J. (1997). Young children and technology. A world of discovery (pp. 1-20). Needham Heights, Massachusetts Allyn & Bacon. Jarvis, T. and Rennie, L. (1994). Childrens Perceptions about technology an international comparison. account presented at the Annual shock of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching Anaheim, March 1994. Levin, D. and Carlsson-Paige, N. (1995). The mighty morphin Power Rangers teachers voice concern. Young children, vol. 50, no. 6, September, pp. 67 72 Lipikinski, J. , Nida, R. , Shade, D. , Watson, J (1986).The effect of microcomputers on young children An evaluation of free play choices, sex differences, and social interactions. Journal of Computing Research, 2, 147-168. Lisosky, J. (1995). Battling standards worldwide Mighty Morphin Power Rangersfight for their lives. Paper presented at the World Summit for Children and Television, March 12-16, Melbourne, Australia. Morrison, T. (2009). Putting Children First Digital technology and computers in child care. National Childcare Accreditation Council 29 March 2009 (Pages 16-17). Retrieved on 15 January 2013 from http//ncac. acecqa. gov. u/educator-resources/pcf-articles/Digital_computers_and_technology_Mar09. pdf Piaget, J. (1971) . The science of education and the psychology of child. New York Viking. Stables, K. (1997). Critical Issues to Consider When Introducing Technology Education into the Curriculum of Young Learners. Journal of Technology Education. Spring, 8(2), 50-65 Waddell, C. (2001). Media-savvy young children. Understanding their view. Every Child, Summer, 7(1), 4-5. Zevenbergen, R. (2008). Computer use by preschool Rethinking practice as digital natives come to preschool. Australian Journal of Early Childhood. 33(1)

Epistles Of The French Revolution English Literature Essay

It is with sorrow that I pronounce the fatal honor Louis ought to die instead than a 100 thousand virtuous citizens Louis must decease that the state may populate A Maximilien Francois Robespierre Justice has its choler, my Godhead Bishop, and the wrath of justness is an component of come nearment. Whatever else may be said of it, the Gallic innovation was the greatest measure frontward by world since the coming of Christ. It was unfinished, I agree, but still it was sublime. It released the untapped springs of society it softened Black Marias, appeased, tranquilized, enlightened, and set fluxing through the universe the tides of civilisation. It was severe. The Gallic Revolution was the anointment of humankindity. Victor Hugo Liberty, equality, fraternity, or decease the last, frequently the easiest to confer, O Guillotine Charles Dickens ( A Tale of Two Cities )Helen Maria Williams was a grown egg-producing(prenominal) in front of her clip. While physical compositi on letter place to England during the Gallic Revolution, the convulsion and political turbulence around her closely mimicked the convulsion she was hum personally. An friendless amongst her friends, Williams observations and devastation are evident in her Letterss Written in France, in the Summer of 1790, a aggregation of her Hagiographas to friends and household still in England. As a adult female efficaciously on the front lines of war, Williams was able to capture the world of the whirling and record her observations in Letters, the recognized composing modal(a) of adult females. romanticism was an rational motion which began around the latter half of the eighteenth century and is was define largely by alteration. Most humanistic disciplines, like music, poesy, literature, and even political relations began to accommodate in response to the disruptive societal clime seen in France during the Revolution. Romanticism emphasized emotion, imaginativeness, and originality, which was in blunt billet to the scientific discipline, ground and order defined by the Age of Enlightenment which came after the Revolution. Romanticism, as contend to Enlightenment, concentrated more on the single author or creative person themselves, as opposed to the province or ground. Both ocular humanistic disciplines and literature, from the Romanticism motion, elevated and famed Nature as a wild Being, instead than as something that can easy be explained ground or survey. The Romanticism motion in literature evolved in response to the Gallic Revolution and instead than concentrate on ground and reason to recrudesce nature and adult male, Romanticism focused more on emotions and feelings to explicate and portray them. The poesy and Letters of Helen Maria Williams espouse the Romanticism ideals as they portend the hereafter of womens liberation movement and adult females who live their lives for themselves.Helen Maria Williams straight confronted the ideals of the Revolution . Williams had relocated to Paris in 1792, and she was imprisoned for a presently clip in the Bastille during the Reign of Terror. Both her clip in prison, and the atrociousnesss she witnessed during the Revolution, personally influenced her and straight influenced the tone of much of her work. While captive, Williams wrote many of her verse forms, like Sonnet to the Curlew , which trade with freedom and yearning. In the Curlew verse form, Williams identifies with a curlew and wants she could be every bit free as he is upon the air current. As Williams faced the Revolution of France, she began to confront a revolution of her ain that was reminiscent of the ideals of both Romanticism and Feminism.During her early old ages in France, Williams began a relationship with John Hurford Stone, a married Englishman and extremist militant. Though Stone divorced in 1794, it is ill-defined whether Williams and Stone of all measure married and their relationship caused a dirt in England wh ich resulted in Williams being personally attacked by the British imperativeness. Before Williams foremost visited France in 1790, she had been celebrated as a all right, feminine poet. After publically placing with the Revolution, Williams was denounced as a unblushing adult female who had unquestionable modify political and come aliveual propensities. She had turn over a adult female who had betrayed both her state and her sex ( Blakemore 676 ) . In a Gentleman s Magazine, a referee of her Letterss from France said of Williams s he has debased her sex, her bosom, her feelings, her endowments in entering such a tissue of horror and villainousness and make bolding to diss a regular government activity and a happy people i.e. , the English with such inside informations, whose consequence, we defy her to presentment has yet been productive of one individual good ( Adams 114 ) .Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford, referred to Williams as a scribbling slattern in his counterb alance and in Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine, Williams was portrayed as Lechery in a emanation of the Seven Deadly Sins. The cartridge clip went so far as to province, Williams has an inveterate hatred of all bing constitutions, by an earnest desire to advance their devastation, and by a disdain of truth, decency, and decorousness, which constitute the general features of a female head infected with the toxicant of democracy ( Blakemore 676 ) .Williams was vilified by the imperativenesss, both at place and abroad, and it is apprehensible that she would seek a more kind venue to name place. For Williams, that welcoming topographic point was a state in the throes of civil war.In June 1794, Williams and Stone fled to Switzerland after a jurisprudence was passed by Maximilien de Robespierre necessitating all aristocracy and aliens leave Paris under(a) punishment of jurisprudence. Williams and Stone remained in Switzerland for 6 months, and she wrote Tour in Switzerland which dea lt with subjects including political relations, history, and nature. In response to the personal effects of the revolution, Williams said that she appreciated what the Revolution had done for adult females s rights, but she openly condemned the force necessary to accomplish it. In her letters, Williams response to the Revolution varies, frequently comparing the feminine civilization of the Revolution with the Antient authorities of France and she condemns the force much as she had during the American Revolution.aThe executioner held up the hemorrhage caput, and the guards cried Vive La republique tenacious live the democracy Some dipped their hankies in the blood-but the greater figure, chilled with horror at what had passed, desired the peremptory officer would take them immediately from the topographic point. The hair was sold in separate braids at the base of the scaffold ( 100 ) .After depicting the scene of King Louis XVI s decease by closure by compartment, Williams describes the wake in an about composure and calm voice, as though she had become asleep to the force of the RevolutionaThe devastation of the monarchy in France on the 10th of August-the horrors of the slaughter of the 2d of September, and so the decease of the male monarch, eventually alienated the heads of Englishmans from the Gallic revolution rendered popular a war, which otherwise no curate would hold dared to set about disgusted all wise, and shocked all human work forces and left to us, and all who had espoused the cause, no hope but that Heaven, which knows how to convey good out of immorality, would honour over an even so interesting to the public assistance to mankind as the Gallic revolution nor suffer the folly and frailty of the agents concerned in it, to botch the greatest and noblest endeavor of all time undertaken by a state ( 100 ) .Laetitia Matilda Hawkins, a coeval of Williams, wrote a response to each of Williams letters warning Williams for her position s on the RevolutionHawkins s Letters conveys a sense of pressing crisis for her, the Revolution is a foreign invasion endangering English life and English womanhood-a Revolution turning the vivid order summit down. She bases her response to Williams s Letterss on a reading of the first two series ( in the Scholars Facsimiles & A Reprints edition, 11.1-223 12.1-206 ) , in which Williams celebrates the function of adult females in the Revolution every bit good as their topographic point in the universe ( 11.27-8 ) ( Blakemore 677 ) .Although Williams seemed to appreciate what the Revolutionary civilization did for adult females, she did non O.K. of the force used to accomplish the alteration. Williams was going a newer, more self-asserting and unchained adult female than she was earlier. In the old ages predating the Gallic Revolution, a patriarchal political orientation stressing proper female behaviour, the natural domestic function of adult female, and her biddable subordi nation to her hubby ( underscored in assorted scriptural texts ) had been in topographic point for centuries ( Blakemore 673 ) .After sing societal turbulence, imprisonment, expatriate from her adopted fatherland, and the loss of some of her next friends, Williams emerged as a adult female who was non afraid to populate her life her ain dash.In Paris, as in London, Williams was introduced to and hosted many outstanding intellectuals and literary figures in her beauty parlor, such as Thomas Paine and Mary Wollstonecraft. Williams salon rapidly became a meeting topographic point for outstanding Girondins, but as the Jacobins gained power, many of her friends were arrested and executed. Williams wrote in a manner acceptable for adult females s Hagiographas, the epistolary. Despite the controversial content of her Letters, Williams Hagiographas received by and large positive reappraisals from many English magazines. What negative reaction her authorship received, was in response t o the manner and vocabulary she chose because she would frequently utilize Gallic colloquialisms and spellings which alienated many of her English readers.Williams lost about everything she held costly during the Gallic Revolution. She had lost her fatherland, her freedom-for a clip, her friends, but she refused to lose herself. Because of Williams Letterss, readers have a adult female s first-hand history of the political and societal turbulence seen during the Revolution. The singularity of the history contained within her Letters has assured Williams a topographic point in womens rightist survey, irrespective if that was her original purpose. Williams personifies all the ideals of Romanticism within herself and her writings-emotional charm to trepidation, horror and awe-and the sublimity of wild nature.

Effects of Social Media on testing ability

As a society we atomic number 18 constantly attached to the public around us. The accu ramble definition Is explained best by Boyd and Allyson. 2007 SONS or companion adequate to(p) Ne twainrking System Is a web-based operate that allows individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile at heart a bounded system, articulate a slant of other workoutrs with whom they carry on a connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. This system or softw atomic number 18 is made up of all friendly nedeucerking sites some of which be Faceable, Mainstream, cheep, Tumbler, Snatch, and the list goes on. It Is clear that we live In a ball where we ware access to whatsoever piece of discipline at whatsoever given snip during the day. With this boom of technology It Is becoming harder and harder for us to disconnect from the world around us. There is very little chance to decompress have access by non only our com beater s, but also our phones now have APS that allows us to connect to friendly media at any given time of the day or iniquity.The question is does this constant access of in miscellanyation and constant clo positive(predicate)ing on kindly media mend our performance as school-age childs? Prospectus The Higher Education Research Institute in 2007 reported that ninety four percent of first year college scholarly persons use favorable networking websites. In 2005 inquiry by Macrobiotics and kepi revealed, Eighty five percent of students at a large investigate university had accounts on Faceable, the around popular social networking site. This leads us to the question does this mood of revolving around social media impact our chance(a) lives and the way we function?The National Sleep Foundation conducted a survey to reveal if there was a correlation between long hours of social media use and if it reached log Zs habits along with performance levels. To be able to function pr operly ones recreation is Just as viable as the basic require such as food and water. Before the big boom of technology humans lived much simpler lives. For example, in the first place the invention of figurers, cellophanes, and even motor vehicles people had a more than than organic and natural way of life. purge the food they put into their bodies was untarnished by chemicals.Technology is in listed to make ones life better however same many things that are used in excess it be starts unhealthy. When these forms of social media affect our quietus cycle we perhaps dealing with an addiction that must be managed. Lead researcher Diana Tamari of a recent Harvard subscribe to told the Los Angles Times, l find the study helps to explain wherefore people utilize social media websites so often. I think it helps explain why chitter exists and why Faceable is so popular, because people enjoy sharing information almost each other (Nature,2012). Diana Tamari was involved in a study conducted by Harvard University, which sought the answers to why social media was so addictive. The answer to their question turned out to be very a simple one. population are addicted to talking to the highest degree their problems. They found in researching That the act of disclosing information about oneself activates the same part of the wizardry that is associated with the sensation of pleasure, the same pleasure that we get from eating food or get money (Nature, 2012). I say all of this to lead to the main point of our own research social media is addictive. When social media becomes a problem and affects our basic conveys such as residualing patterns the problem flows everyplace into our daily lives. To simply state it our performance levels get out decrease. In a study done by Christina J. Calamari, PhD, Thornton B. A. Mason, MD, PhD, MACE, Sarah J. Radcliff, PhD. , Teenagers getting 8 to 10 hours of repose on school nights tended to have 1. to 2-fold lower multitasking indices compared with those getting little(prenominal) stay.Thirty-three percent of the teenagers reported falling asleep during school. Research is proving that social media is unhealthy. This problem did not escalate rapidly overnight, but has been slowly evolving monster that has grown into a problem that must be dealt with. Kirsches and Sharkskin (2010, p. 1238) claim that Students tend to participate in such website activities while doing their homework so that it may have invalidating ready on their academic achievements by interrupting them from the learning process.Therefore, between SONS usage and student academic performance shown at schools and universities. Many doctors, websites, self-help books, etc. Tell us that social media is a huge leader in sleep liberation, however in Sleep Cares article on social media and sleep they write that they believe social media send away cause individuals to get more, effective sleep. Faceable has over 1 billion us ers worldwide while Twitter had over 500 million last year and is quickly growing every day(Sleepwear, 2014).This goes without saying that a big chunk of the world is connected to one social media site or another. In decree to be engaged in a social media site, one must follow or like another. They spread over with, Social media enables an individual to feel supported from individuals closely tied to their lives and from friends and family afar (Sleepwear,2014). By connecting with people who share similar interests and opinions a person who actively utilizes social media finds oneself in an overall better state of mind.This relates forthwith to better sleep because having a peaceful mind when lying down to go to bed is subjective in a good nights sleep. In 2010 media headlines read minor Friends Can Make You Fat. Reading these headlines, researchers at US San Diego and Harvard studied the correlation between social networks, sleep patterns and drug usage, after much research and hours of examination they discovered, The use of social networks by adolescents influences sleep patterns, sleep deprivation, and drug use (Beers 2010). Why is the sleep cycle important?What occurs during the sleep cycle that is so valuable to the human eubstance? Stage 1 is the beginning of the sleep cycle, and is a relatively light stage of sleep in which the card produces mellowed amplitude theta waves, which are very slow brain waves. Stage 2 is the second stage of sleep and lasts for approximately 20 minutes. The brain begins to produce bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as sleep spindles. This stage was previously divided into stages three and four. Deep, slow brain waves known as delta waves.Most daydream occurs during the fourth stage of sleep, known as rapid eye movement (ERM) sleep (Cherry, 2011) These stages of sleep are very valuable for the wellbeing of humans. These processes allow us to recuperate from the day and heal. The personify can physica lly heal itself by resting. The same concept applies to the mind. Once the technology is finally set aside most unsalted adults only receive approximately five hours of sleep per night. Sleep deprivation is the reason why in this day and age there are more mishaps and slip-ups than ever before.With the wishing of sleep ones inclusion dead body skills are severely lacking. When it is time to sleep individuals around the world grab their phones. Peg Fitzpatrick surveyed 1,000 online individuals thus finding, Our Faceable and Twitter activities continue even after weve hit the hay, with forty-eight percent of respondents checking in on activity when they viewing p in the middle of the night or as soon as they wake up in the morning (Fitzpatrick 2011). In her online blob, Peg Fitzpatrick asked many friends about how social media affects their sleeps habits.Sadly, many of her friends responded with low affects because they have -in few words?grown immune to social media. They check their social media sites every night in the same amount of time so their body is used to getting that same amount of sleep. Social media has affected these friends sleep habits. They have been a part of the world of social media so long that their body has accepted it as a part of the daily routine. With easy access to sites responsibility to bedroom may result in sleep loss, delays in initiating sleep, daytime sleepiness and more, says researcher Teresa Roar.Those who said they usually connected to friends online before getting into bed reported sleeping an average of 8 hours and 10 minutes a night compared with 9 hours and 2 minutes among those who never connected (Thomson & Reuters 2014). Studies also show that sleep loss can lead to a variety of other problems such as obesity, mental picture, high blood pressure, problem regulating emotions and lower levels. Kids who frequently viewed TV before bed were four multiplication more likely to report waking up several times during the night than non-viewers, and frequent social networks were three times more likely to wake up a lot.Researchers reported in Sleep Medicine, kids who regularly compete video games or listened to music at bedtime had significantly more difficulty falling asleep (Thomson & Reuters 2014). other factor that also may play into the problem is when a device with access to social media is most the bedtime pillow, people tend to wake up throughout the night. Some tend to immediately return to jump-start but others may stay away for an hour or more in the middle of the night on social media before they return to sleep. This growing problem may seem insignificant, but over time this continual routine is unhealthy for the body.The life of a student, no matter what age, takes a monetary entertain on the body. Deadlines to meet, Jobs to do, activities to plan, activities to attend, homework to complete, grades to maintain, etc. The life of a student is often either all about freedom or all about grades. This is because as students we are learning what actions to take in enounce to have a balanced life. Sleep is one area that is often neglected by young adults because there is more on the plate than ever before. The society of today is fast paced and demanding. In stage to stay in control one must lose a few hours of sleep to stay ahead of the game.What is the accurate definition of sleep and rest? It is referred to as, The period in which the basic metabolic rate decreases, soft tissue and muscles are relaxed and revalidated, and the brain is able to process things that have been learned during the day (Clifford, 2007). Harvard Womens wellness Watch states, There are six reasons for eating enough sleep, namely for improved learning and memory, living of metabolism and weight, increased safety, enhanced mood, cardiovascular health and boosting up the immune system (Fanned, 2013). With any plectrum comes an appropriate consequence.Depending on the choice the con sequences could be positive or negative. When an individual decides to push off sleep for whatever reason negative consequences follow?sickness, a drop in school performance, a negative or poor attitude, and an exhausted body. In a 2009 study Tracker noticed that students experiencing sleep deprivation fork over to avoid more difficult tasks. Also, they often are not aware that the difficulties they are experiencing academically can be directly related to their poor sleep habits. This can often lead to frustration and depression due to the low- judge gain ground they are receiving.This would explain the commonly heard comment, l cant understand why I did so badly, I fatigued all the previous day studying (Engle-Friedman, 2003 Filcher, 1997). In 2013 an experiment was put into action to identify the factors affecting quality of sleep, and assess the impact of low quality sleep on the daily activities of students. The Results of social Edie follow Non-users of social networking, su ch as Faceable, MANS, and Twitter, 0. 5-2 hours a day had the best sleep quality among the groups, but the result again cannot be taken into consideration due to the non-significant p value (p= 0. 42) ( Fanned, 2013). Even though social media is relatively new, it has found itself into the daily lives of many young students. With most media misdirections are not uncommon. People see social media as way to relax, but are blinded by the negative effects that it has on their health and even on their grades. A large-scale study by the Kaiser Family Foundation (Beers,2012) found that, teens spent fifty three hours per week engaged with some form of electronic media. Thats more than seven hours per day. Most of the time spent was during the night when the volunteer is in bed.Research also shows that lack of sleep has been linked with mood swings during the day. Social media has a negative impact in that it influences friends in a network. It has also brought about a sleep disorders suc h as sleep visitationing. This is a recent development. The brain is hardwired to do what it is become fit to. In this age brains are coming more and more adapted to staying on computers and cellophanes all day long. This practice has drifted over into our sleeping habits. This is not only a distraction to the one who is doing it but also to the one who receives the text because the alert wakes them up in the middle of the night.The brain cannot function at maximum capacity when it is weary. This causes one who loses sleep to perform poorly on exam and during their daily activities. In the research done by Dry. Rubin Had, social media effects on sleep are analyzed in the life of young students. Sleep is a vital necessity such as eating a proper diet, drinking plenty of eater, and exercising daily. Dry. Had also shows that poor quality sleep negatively affects a persons physical, psychological and emotional well being and leads to poor job performance.She goes on to nevertheless explain how sleep is like a cave you have to enter, this meaning that each human body has to prepare itself for the sleep cycle. A person must develop a routine to help their body to shut down and begin to recuperate. By adding light from computers or cellular devices the body is not able to properly shut down for the night. The light from laptops or cellular devices causes the brain to be confused. When the brain senses shadow it connects this with sleep so it makes the hormone melatonin. This hormone makes us sleepy.When a student is on a computer the brain is tricked by the light, believing that it is earlier than it usually is. Because of this it takes a student longer to merge into the ERM cycle. The college student needs about eight hours of sleep. When a college student puts down their cellular device they can hence get more sleep. (Pipsqueaks, 2013). Method To conduct this study, participants pass on be recruited on the Blue Mountain College campus. Participants will be comprised of eighteen and older, male and female, rotational and nontraditional college students.We will recruit the participants by word of mouth, signs post around campus and the incentive of coffee and doughnuts. The participants will be required to sign a consent form to the study, answer demographic questions, take the short survey and not talk about the survey to friends. Upon entreat noted on the demographic form, participants can be emailed the surveys results, which will be the debrief section of the study. This study is designed to figure out if prolonged hours of social media use at nighttime will affect rise scores the next morning.Total hours spent on social media will be test complied with demographic questions and five questions from the fifth grade level language arts section of the Mississippi Curriculum shew (MAC). Testing will take place in the student lounge between the hours of on varies days, to which we will take participants at any time during that block o f time. Participants can score between O and vitamin C on the MAC section and that score will then be compared to the total amount of time they stated they spent on social media in the demographic section.We believe higher test scores will show a lower amount of nightly social Edie use and lower test scores will show a higher usage of social media. Results The survey we conducted involved 62 volunteers. Group A participants spent less than one hour on social media the night before and group B spent anywhere from an hour to over six hours. The purpose for our testing was to nominate a correlation between low comprehension skills and late hours spent on social media. Our venture stated that students who spent more time on social media would make a lower grade than those who did not. view 1. 1 is a scatter plot to show the range of test scores from our 62 participants. gauge 1. 1 Figure 1. 2 The break down of hours spent on social media per individual is seen in figure 1. 2. Majo rity of hours that were spent on social media falls between less than an hour and two hours. For this reason we created two groups and compared their test scores to each other. The total hours grouped can be viewed in figure 1. 3. Out of the 62 participants 47% spent less than an hour on social media and 53% spent an hour or more on social media. Figure 1. The correlation of our survey shows our guess to be false. The two-tailed P value equals 0. 1683, which is 16%. By conventional criteria, this difference is insider to be not statistically significant because it is not less than . 05 and thus not supporting our claim. The mean of Group One less than 1 hour minus Group Two greater than 1 hour equals 9. 67, 95% trust interval of this difference From -4. 20 to 23. 53. Participants who spent less time on social media approximately had the same average as those who spent more than two hours on social media.Figure 1. 4 below displays the statistical info from the study. Mean. 24 57. 58 SODS. 09 28. 97 SEEM 4. 66 5. 04 N 29 33 Figure 1. 4 Discussion The Age of Information is here and it is here to stay. As a result, our social media use is steadily on the rise. The purpose of the study was to see if prolonged usage of social media at night affects our comprehension skills the proceeding morning. This research is important because if people are aware of the effects that social media could have, they great power reduce the amount of time they spend on different networks.Our hypothesis was, if a student spends two or more hours on social media before entering their sleep cycle it would negatively affect their test scores the following day. After conducting the experiment, our team found no correlation between hours spent n social media the night before and low comprehension skills. We found many factors in need of improvement throughout our experiment. If time allowed a pilot study would have been ideal to allow for us to discover things that we might fix before c onducting the study.Also, we could have fine-tuned our data collection method and made sure we were selecting the proper statistical analyses. One of our initial plans was to incorporate the experimenters GAP in order to determine if the student had a learning disability. However, when making out the test samples, we chose not to add a blank for the test takers to insert their GAP. Additional reading comprehension questions would have been helpful for us to determine if the student had any reading or learning disabilities. Also, incorporating a variety of questions could have better helped our results.The demographic portion of our test became a distraction for the test takers. The amount of demographic questions that was asked seemed to bombard the participants of the study. Fewer questions could possibly have been more helpful in this instance. In our attempt to mask our study we ended up causing our participants to peak through the numerous demographic questions. Another factor that hurt the results of our study was the number of participants who refrained from social media. Our data was skewed due to a low number of participants who spent less than one hour on a social media website.The location we chose to conduct the experiment could have been moved to an area better fitted for testing. Instead, we chose a central location in one of the buildings on campus. Many people came in and out of our testing room. This offered many distractions for our participants. The constant flow of traffic allowed the volunteers to be distracted. Having a quieter environment could have helped our test takers centering more. In our tests. The groups definition of social media was clearly explained. We spread the word about our experiment in a timely manner so that the majority of students on campus were made aware of our experiment.Also, we provided multiple days for students to come in so that testing did not interfere with their class schedules. We offered donuts and coff ee, which were effective incentives for the students. Our experiment could be utilitarian for other groups studying sleep by helping them better calculate the correlation between social media use and sleep habits. For future studies we will need to develop a more effective way to study the effects of prolonged social media use on students so that we will have more accurate results.